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Syllogisms with intermediate quantifiers solved in Marlo logic diagrams

Marcos Bautista López Aznar

Abstract.

In this article we propose diagrams with the ability to represent syllogisms that, in addition to the traditional quantifiers “all”, “some” and “none”, can represent the so-called intermediate quantifiers or probabilistic quantifiers “most”, “a few”, “half”, etc. The graphs contained in this paper have been developed based on the Marlo diagram, a tool for teaching logical reasoning that operates with propositional models that are constructed by quantifying the predicate in a way similar to Hamilton or Jevons in the 19th century. The quantification of the predicate allows us to represent the possibilities implicit in the premises, so that when the synthesis of the propositions is made later, the working memory can take these possibilities into account. In this way, we prevent our students from committing the persistent fallacies of denying the antecedent and affirming the consequent.

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